Causative n’ friends

CAUSATIVE

(Verba kausatif : make, have, get)

Make, have, and get can be used to express that we/somebody causes someone elses to do something.

Examples :

1. I made my brother carry my suitcase.
2. I had my brother carry my suitcase.
3. I got my brother to carry my suitcase.

Their meaning are similar but not identical.

• In (a): my brother had no choice. I insisted that he carry my suitcase.
• In (b): my brother carried my suitcase simply because I asked him to
• In (c): I managed to persuade my brother to carry my suitcase.

Make

       Make gives an idea that we forces someone elses to do something. Causative make is followed by the simple form of a verb, not an infinitive.

Examples :

–          Bharat made his brother clean his room J

–          Sad movies make me cry.

Have

        Have  gives the idea that we requests somebody elses to do something. Causative have is followed by the simple form of a verb, not an infinitive.

Examples :

–          I had the plumber repair the leak.

–          Bharat had the waiter bring him some tea.

Get

        Get gives the idea that we persuades somebody elses to do something. Causative get is followed by an infinitive.

Examples :

–          The students got the teacher to dismiss the class early.

–          Abby got her friends to play basketball with her after school.

(Both the students and Abby managed to persuade the teacher and her friends)

To give a passive meaning, the past participle is used after have and get. In this case, there is usually little or no difference in meaning between have and get.

Examples :

–          I had my bracelet repaired (by someone)

–          I got my bracelet repaired (by someone)

(I caused my bracelet to be repaired by someone)

The passive

In the passive, the object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb.

Examples :

–          Bharat helped the boy. (active)

–          The boy was helped by Bharat. (passive)

In the example, the active and passive have the same meaning.

Only transitive verbs (verbs that are followed by an object) are used in passive.

Examples :

–          An accident happened. (active)

–          None (passive)

Form of the passive : be + past participle (V₃)